An official envelope on a doormat with television light from the lounge

TV Licence

TV Licence: When You Need One, and What It Costs

The TV Licence is the most widely misunderstood bill in Britain. People pay for one they do not need; people assume they are exempt when they are not; and an enormous number believe in concessions that were abolished years ago. The rule underneath it is genuinely simple, and this page states it plainly.

Updated

13 min read

2,874 words

The short answer

  • One rule: live television on any channel or service, or BBC iPlayer at all.
  • On-demand only on ITVX, Channel 4, My5 or Netflix needs no licence.
  • There is no over-60 concession, and over-75 is means-tested.
  • It covers your whole household, on every device, at one address.

Almost every argument about the TV Licence comes from people applying the wrong mental model. It is not a tax on owning a television, it is not a subscription to the BBC, and it is not triggered by having a Netflix account. It is a licence to do two specific things.

Getting that straight matters practically, because the two mistakes are expensive in opposite directions. Paying for a licence you do not need costs you real money every year. Not having one when you do need one is a criminal offence carrying a fine of up to £1,000 — what actually happens if you do not pay sets out the process end to end.

This hub sets out the rule, what it costs, how to pay, and the concessions that genuinely exist. It is written for people using IPTV and streaming services, because that is precisely where the confusion concentrates.

What is the TV Licence rule, in one sentence?

The word doing the work is live. "Live" means watching a programme at the same time it is being broadcast or streamed to the public — not that it is a live event. A repeat of a 1995 sitcom going out on ITV3 right now is live television. A football match you watch from the start two hours after kick-off is not.

It applies regardless of how the signal reaches you. Aerial, satellite, cable and broadband are all treated identically, which means every IPTV service carrying live channels is caught — the dishless Sky option, NOW, Freely, Freeview Play, EE TV and the rest.

And the BBC iPlayer exception

iPlayer is the one service where any use requires a licence, not just live use. Watching a documentary on iPlayer three weeks after transmission needs a licence; watching the same programme on a rival catch-up service would not. This has been the rule since 2016 and it is the single most commonly missed part of the system.

A television screen showing a live broadcast indicator
Live, as it is broadcast, on any device. That is the whole rule.

What can you watch with no TV Licence at all?

Almost anything on demand — Netflix, Prime Video, Disney+, and catch-up on ITVX, Channel 4 and My5 — provided nobody in the house watches live or opens BBC iPlayer. Those two are the only triggers, which leaves a household far more than most people assume.

A surprising amount, and this is where households save real money.

ServiceLicence needed?Why
NetflixNoOn-demand only. No live broadcast.
Amazon Prime VideoNoUnless you watch a live event stream on it.
Disney+NoOn-demand only, in normal use.
ITVX — on demandNoCatch-up does not require one.
ITVX — live channelsYesLive is live, whatever the platform.
Channel 4 — on demandNoCatch-up only.
My5 — on demandNoCatch-up only.
YouTube — normal videosNoNot broadcast television.
YouTube — live streamsYesIf it is live, it counts.
BBC iPlayer — anythingYesThe one all-use exception.
DVDs and Blu-raysNoNothing broadcast involved.
Games consolesNoUnless used to watch live TV.
The pattern: on-demand is free of the licence, live is not, and iPlayer is its own case.

The detail on this, including how the declaration works and where people trip up, is on our page covering streaming without a TV Licence.

How much is the TV Licence, and TV Licence payment options

One fee covers an entire household at one address — every person, every device, every room. It is not per television and not per person.

The essentials

Standard colour licence
£180 a year from 1 April 2026 — confirm before paying
Covers
One household at one address
Devices
All of them — TV, laptop, phone, tablet, console
Black and white
A reduced fee still exists
Severely sight impaired
50% concession
Residential care
Reduced ARC licence
Over 75
Free only with Pension Credit
Penalty for none
Fine of up to £1,000, plus costs

The fee is reviewed and normally rises each April, so any figure quoted on a website — including this one — should be checked against TV Licensing directly before you pay. We are not going to pretend to a precision that changes annually.

Ways to pay

  • Annual Direct Debit — one payment, the simplest option.
  • Monthly Direct Debit — spread across the year. The first year is collected over six months rather than twelve, which catches people out.
  • Quarterly Direct Debit — four payments, with a small additional charge.
  • Weekly or fortnightly cash plan — for households that prefer to pay in smaller amounts.
  • Card, online or by phone — a single payment without a Direct Debit.

The same rules apply in England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. There is no separate Scottish or Welsh licence and no regional variation in the fee.

Pound coins and a bill on a kitchen table
What it costs, and the four ways to pay it.

What TV Licence concessions exist?

This is where belief and reality diverge most sharply, so it is worth being direct.

ConcessionReal?Condition
Over 75 with Pension CreditYesFree licence. Must actually claim Pension Credit.
Over 75 without Pension CreditNoPays in full. This changed in 2020.
Over 60No such concessionWidely believed, does not exist.
Severely sight impairedYes50% reduction, with evidence.
Residential care or sheltered housingYesReduced ARC licence via the scheme operator.
Blind partner in householdYesThe concession can apply if the licence is in their name.
On benefits generallyNoNo general low-income concession.
StudentsNoUsually need their own licence in halls.

The over-60 belief is the biggest single misconception in this area, and it generates enormous search volume every month. There has never been a general over-60 TV Licence concession in the UK. The confusion appears to come from the old over-75 arrangement, which itself was restricted to Pension Credit claimants in August 2020.

That 2020 change is worth understanding properly, because it left a large number of people over 75 suddenly liable who had not paid for years — and because claiming Pension Credit, which many eligible pensioners do not, is now the gateway to the concession. We cover it in full on our page about free TV Licences and who really qualifies.

Hands holding an official benefits form under a reading lamp
Over 75 on Pension Credit, and severely sight impaired. That is the list.

How do TV Licence refunds and moving work?

Three admin situations come up constantly, and all three are simpler than people expect. Cancelling is the one with real money attached, because the refund covers only whole unused months and needs at least one full month left — our full guide to cancelling a TV Licence and claiming the refund works through the timing and the declaration that follows.

  1. Moving house

    Update your address with TV Licensing rather than buying a new licence. It is free, takes a few minutes online, and the licence moves with you. Doing nothing is the mistake — the licence covers an address, so an un-updated one leaves your new home uncovered.

  2. Claiming a refund

    Stop needing it, and TV Licensing will refund every whole month still left before it expires. You will normally need to declare that you will not be watching live television or using iPlayer.

  3. Cancelling

    Cancel by telling TV Licensing you no longer need one and completing a no-licence-needed declaration. Be honest about this: the declaration is a legal statement, and continuing to watch live television without a licence is an offence.

  4. Someone has died

    The licence does not transfer automatically. TV Licensing has a bereavement process that will either transfer it to the surviving occupier or refund the unused months.

How the TV Licence UK rules affect IPTV specifically

Because every IPTV platform is treated exactly like any other broadcast route, the licence question maps cleanly onto the services we review. For the wider picture of how UK streaming fits together, start at the front page.

If you use…Licence needed?
Freely live channelsYes
Freeview Play live channelsYes
Sky Stream or Sky GlassYes
NOW live channelsYes
EE TV or Virgin Stream liveYes
NOW box sets, on demand onlyNo
Catch-up on ITVX, Channel 4, My5 onlyNo
BBC iPlayer, in any formYes

One practical consequence for cost-conscious households: if you are paying for a licence purely out of habit while only ever watching on-demand content, that is money you can stop spending. Equally, the "free" streaming platforms are only free of subscription — the licence still applies the moment you watch a live channel on them.

And a point worth repeating from our page on whether IPTV is legal in the UK: a TV Licence is completely separate from copyright law. Holding one does not make an unlicensed IPTV subscription lawful, and no licence turns a pirate service legitimate.

A television showing on-demand apps with the aerial cable unplugged
Live is live, whatever carries it — broadband included.

Do shared houses and second homes need their own licence?

The one-licence-per-household rule is simple until living arrangements are not. These are the situations that generate the most queries.

SituationPosition
Shared house, joint tenancy agreementUsually one licence covers everyone, because you are a single household on one agreement.
Shared house, separate tenancy per roomEach tenant generally needs their own licence for their own room. The separate agreements make you separate households.
Student in hallsNormally needs a licence for their own room. The parental licence at home does not extend to it.
Student watching on a laptop on batteryA narrow exemption can apply if the device is powered by its own internal battery and the home is covered — worth checking your exact circumstances.
Second home or holiday homeNeeds its own licence if live television is watched there.
Caravan, motorhome or boatCovered by the home licence only if nobody is watching live at the home address at the same time.
Lodger in your homeUsually covered by your licence if they are part of your household rather than on a separate tenancy.
Business premisesNeeds its own licence. A domestic one does not cover an office, shop or pub.

The distinction running through all of it is separate tenancy agreements. One agreement covering the whole property usually means one household and one licence; individual agreements per room usually mean several households and several licences. If you are unsure which you have, look at what you actually signed.

What live channels cost on top of the Licence

The Licence is what makes watching live television lawful; it is not itself a source of channels beyond the BBC. The plans below are. Both tiers are listed because live channels and sport are exactly what people are watching when the Licence rules bite: IPTV 4K Ultra covers them in 4K HDR, and IPTV 8K Ultra Max carries the wider list.

Best for sport

IPTV 4K Ultra

From £2.86/mo

Cinema-quality HDR & Dolby

True 4K Ultra HD streaming with HDR10+, Dolby Vision and Dolby Atmos. Watch the Premier League in 4K like you are at the ground.

Starter 4K

3 Months

£34.99−31%

£23.99

£8.00/mo

  • 27,000+ channels in 4K
  • 192,000+ VOD titles in native 4K
  • 4K UHD (3840×2160) HEVC
  • Full EPG guide
  • 1 screen
  • 24/7 UK support
  • Anti-freeze technology
See every term

Secure payment

Visa, Mastercard, American Express and PayPal accepted

Standard 4K

6 Months

£54.99−27%

£39.99

£6.67/mo

  • 27,000+ channels in 4K
  • 192,000+ VOD titles in 4K HDR
  • 4K UHD + HDR10+
  • EPG + 3-day replay
  • 1 screen
  • Priority support 24/7
  • Anti-freeze servers
See every term

Secure payment

Visa, Mastercard, American Express and PayPal accepted

Ultimate 4K

24 Months

4 months free

£89.99−11%

£79.99

£2.86/mo

  • 27,000+ channels in 4K UHD
  • 192,000+ VOD titles in 4K Ultra HD
  • 4K + HDR10+ + Dolby Vision
  • EPG + 14-day replay
  • 1 screen
  • VIP WhatsApp instant support
  • Dolby Atmos 7.1 surround
  • Early access to 4K content
  • Optimised HEVC streaming
See every term

Secure payment

Visa, Mastercard, American Express and PayPal accepted
The ultimate

IPTV 8K Ultra Max

From £3.93/mo

8K HDR + Dolby Atmos — the pinnacle

The most advanced plan on the list. True 8K Ultra HD with Dolby Vision HDR and Dolby Atmos sound, 55,000+ live channels, 220,000+ on-demand films and series, and multi-language subtitles on everything.

Starter 8K

3 Months

£39.99−25%

£29.99

£10.00/mo

  • 55,000+ live channels in up to 8K
  • 220,000+ films & series on demand
  • 8K UHD + Dolby Vision HDR
  • Dolby Atmos immersive audio
  • Multi-language subtitles
  • Full EPG guide
  • 1 screen
  • 24/7 UK support
See every term

Secure payment

Visa, Mastercard, American Express and PayPal accepted

Standard 8K

6 Months

£69.99−29%

£49.99

£8.33/mo

  • 55,000+ live channels in up to 8K
  • 220,000+ films & series on demand
  • 8K UHD + Dolby Vision HDR
  • Dolby Atmos immersive audio
  • Multi-language subtitles
  • EPG + 3-day replay
  • 1 screen
  • Priority UK support 24/7
See every term

Secure payment

Visa, Mastercard, American Express and PayPal accepted

Ultimate 8K

24 Months

4 months free

£124.99−12%

£109.99

£3.93/mo

  • 55,000+ live channels in up to 8K
  • 220,000+ films & series in 8K / 4K
  • 8K UHD + Dolby Vision HDR
  • Dolby Atmos 7.1+ surround sound
  • Multi-language subtitles throughout
  • EPG + 14-day replay
  • 1 screen
  • VIP WhatsApp instant support
  • Early access to new 8K content
  • Optimised 8K HEVC / AV1 streaming
See every term

Secure payment

Visa, Mastercard, American Express and PayPal accepted

Nothing about paying for a subscription changes the Licence position — if you watch live television, the requirement applies regardless of who supplies the channel, as set out above. Our page on what you can watch without one covers the on-demand exception, and every plan is priced on the pricing page.

Every guide in this hub

The guides below take the two most misunderstood parts of the system considerably further.

If you are trying to work out which television service to take alongside it, our comparison of every legal UK option covers all of them, including the two that cost nothing.

Frequently asked questions

How much is the TV Licence, and how do I pay it?

£180 a year for a standard colour licence since 1 April 2026 — confirm the current figure before paying, since it is index-linked and rises most Aprils. It can be paid annually, quarterly or monthly by Direct Debit; the quarterly option adds a small premium, while annual and monthly come to the same total.

Are the TV Licence rules different in Scotland?

No. TV Licence Scotland works exactly as it does in England, Wales and Northern Ireland — same fee, same rule, same concessions. The only regional differences in UK television are which channels you receive, not whether a licence is needed.

Do students need their own TV Licence?

Usually yes, for their own room in halls or a house let on separate tenancy agreements. A parental licence at the family home does not extend to it. A narrow exemption can apply to a device running on its own internal battery where the home address is licensed — worth checking your exact circumstances.

Does one TV Licence cover a shared house?

It depends on the tenancy. One joint agreement covering the whole property usually means a single household and a single licence. Individual agreements per room usually mean separate households, each needing their own. Look at what you actually signed rather than at how many people live there.

Do I need a separate TV Licence for a second home?

Yes, if live television is watched there. A holiday home or second property needs its own licence. Caravans, motorhomes and boats are covered by the home licence only if nobody is watching live at the home address at the same time.

Do I need a TV Licence?

You need one if you watch or record live television as it is broadcast — on any channel, service or device — or if you use BBC iPlayer at all. If you only watch on-demand content on services like Netflix, ITVX, Channel 4 or My5, and never use iPlayer, you do not need one.

How much is the TV Licence?

£180 a year for a standard colour licence since 1 April 2026, normally increased each April. Because the figure changes annually, confirm the current amount with TV Licensing before paying. One licence covers a whole household at one address, on every device.

Does one TV Licence cover everyone at an address?

Yes. The licence attaches to the address rather than to a person, so one covers everyone living there. It also works the other way: one person watching live television creates the obligation for the whole household, whoever actually pays for it.

What happens if you do not have a TV Licence?

If nobody at the address watches live television or uses BBC iPlayer, nothing — you owe nothing and have committed no offence, though letters will still arrive. If anyone does, it is a criminal offence carrying a fine of up to £1,000 plus costs.

Do I need a TV Licence for Freely or Freeview Play?

Yes, if you watch live channels on them — which is the main reason to use either. The platforms themselves are free of subscription, but the licence applies to live television regardless of how it reaches you, including over broadband.

Can I get a refund on my TV Licence?

Yes. Any complete months still to run can be claimed back once you no longer need it. You will normally have to declare that you will not be watching live television or using BBC iPlayer.

What happens if I do not have a TV Licence?

Watching or recording live television, or using BBC iPlayer, without a licence is a criminal offence carrying a fine of up to £1,000 plus costs. TV Licensing writes to unlicensed addresses and can send officers, though they have no automatic right of entry without your permission or a warrant.

Does a TV Licence cover my whole household?

Yes. One licence covers everyone living at that address, on every device — televisions, laptops, phones, tablets and consoles. It is not charged per television or per person. Separate households at the same address, such as some shared houses, may each need their own.

Written by

Dan Whitfield

Dan has covered UK television and streaming hardware since 2011, and has installed, lived with and torn down every mainstream British TV platform from Sky Q to Freely. He handles the platform reviews and pricing research.

How we test and rate